The transition away from oil and gas to alternative energy sources is necessary to reach the target to limit the global temperature increase by 1.5 degrees Celsius above pre industrial levels as set out by the Paris Agreement. However, the scale of the transition needed, coupled with the speed in which it must occur, creates challenges for companies to conduct effective human rights due diligence. This briefing presents an overview of some of the potential human rights risks associated with the transition to renewable energy, as well as the challenges to effective human rights due diligence, and provides some insights from business practice.