The Inter-American Development Bank’s (IDB) Environmental and Social Policy Framework (ESPF) requires Borrowers to establish and maintain a process for identifying, assessing, and managing, the environmental and social impacts of a project. This includes project-related impacts on the health, safety, and well-being of communities. The ESPF has 10 Environmental and Social Performance Standards (ESPS) for how impacts should be identified, assessed, and managed. ESPF 4 on Community Health, Safety and Security sets out the responsibilities of Borrowers to minimize the impacts of a project on community health, safety, and wellbeing. Other ESPSs that also relate to ESPS 4 on Community Health, Safety, and Security include: ESPS 2 on Labor and Working Conditions, ESPS 3 on Resource Efficiency and Pollution Prevention, ESPS 5 on Land Acquisition and Involuntary Resettlement, ESPS 6 on Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Management of Living Natural Resources, and ESPS 9 on Gender Equality. The ESPF recommends that Borrowers carry out a Health Impact Assessment (HIA), in its environmental and social risks and impacts identification process, as the optimal way to systematically identify, assess, and manage project-related community health impacts. This document provides guidance on conducting Health Impact Assessments in accordance with international good practice and the requirements of the IDB’s ESPF and ESPSs.