This publication outlines several cases where the World Bank has used IDA funds in ways that threaten the human rights of the most vulnerable people in the world’s poorest countries. The cases, in Africa, Asia and Central Europe, show how loopholes, gaps and deficiencies in the current suite of safeguard policies can lead to impoverishment and serious violations of human rights when, for example, people are displaced, children are forced to work and people with disabilities or indigenous communities are not meaningfully consulted. The cases also show how gaps in the safeguards can lead to environmental damage including unnecessary contribution to climate change. The Bank must adopt stronger safeguards that ensure respect for human rights. The Bank has never adopted a clear policy on avoiding or mitigating adverse impacts on human rights. However, the World Bank is currently reviewing its operational policies, known as “safeguards,” that are meant to address potential harms stemming from World Bank projects. These policies must be strengthened by incorporating clear, enforceable requirements—for both Bank and borrower—that ensure respect for human rights in all activities supported by the Bank.