Concerns around how the activities of companies impact upon people have long existed. Yet the corporate responsibility to respect human rights has only been clearly articulated and codified more recently. The United Nations Human Rights Council’s 2011 endorsement of the United NationsGuiding Principles on Business andHuman Rights (the UNGPs) was a significant milestone in a long journey. The UNGPs solidified the idea of a “corporate responsibility to respect”, as well as the practical application of this responsibility through ongoing “human rights due diligence” – a way companies can proactively manage potential and actual human rights impacts with which they are involved – making both increasingly prominent in how business is done. More than a decade has passed since the emergence of the UNGPs. While human rights commitments existed in a handful of company policies and industry standards prior to the UNGPs, these have become widespread since. The language of the UNGPs has been absorbed into a range of industry standards (see supporting resource on equivalency benchmark), including ICMM’s Mining Principles, and into an increasing number of laws (see HRDD Regulatory landscape resource). Since the emergence of the UNGPs, and their subsequent inclusion in the Mining Principles, there have been considerable developments in company commitments, culture, and approaches to the management of human rights risk. All ICMM members are required to introduce policy commitments to respect human rights and undertake human rights due diligence. Many members have begun to apply these commitments in practice, identifying and assessing actual and potential human rights impacts associated with business activities, and introducing measures for the management of such impacts. Each company has taken its own route in how it addresses those human rights most relevant to its activities. (See Figure 1 for key human rights issues for mining activities).