Traditional knowledge (TK) encompasses the diversity of knowledge acquired and held by the world’s 500 million Indigenous Peoples and local communities. “Traditional knowledge refers to the knowledge, innovations and practices of indigenous and local communities around the world. Developed from experience gained over the centuries and adapted to the local culture and environment, traditional knowledge is transmitted orally from generation to generation. It tends to be collectively owned and takes the form of stories, songs, folklore, prov-erbs, cultural values, beliefs, rituals, community laws, local language, and agricultural practices, including the development of plant species and animal breeds. Traditional knowledge is mainly of a practical nature, particularly in such fi elds as agriculture, fi sheries health, horticulture, and forestry”. (Convention on Biological Diversity) Men, women and children can hold TK. Therefore, it is linked directly to the groups who create it. It is important to ensure that its use in IA values and preserves the culture of the Indigenous and Local Peoples. TK is inseparable from the people who use and manage it.