This primer provides International Association for Impact Assessment (IAIA) members and others with guidance on how to incorporate food security assessment in impact assessment (IA). The project supports IAIA’s vision for “a just and sustainable world for people and the environment” by spotlighting food security—a globally important policy issue—and the role IA can play in addressing it. Food security assessment in IA serves vulnerable populations (often Indigenous), underscoring their rights to survival, dignity, and well-being as they face the mounting pressures of large scale drivers such as urban and industrial development and climate change.