What Happens in Phase 4? In the impact mitigation and management phase, the business, HRIA team and stakeholders come together to create a plan for preventing and addressing human rights impacts. All human rights impacts need to be addressed, with the most severe impacts taking priority. Rights-holders should be meaningfully involved in planning, enacting and monitoring impact management efforts. Planning for effective impact management should be an integral part of the HRIA process. Allocating time and resources for developing a detailed impact management plan at the outset of the HRIA can be very helpful for facilitating this. In determining what actions should be taken to address identified impacts, mitigation plans should focus primarily on avoiding and reducing negative human rights impacts. Businesses should also exercise leverage to address impacts that involve third parties such as government actors, other operators in the area and contractors in the supply chain. As human rights impacts relate to a variety of business functions, it is also useful to consider how different business units might be involved in human rights impact management. Once the adverse human rights impacts have been identified and an impact management plan has been created, it is important to follow up on whether the actions to address the identified impacts are implemented and that they effectively address the impacts. Access to remedy is a key component of impact mitigation and management. The role of operational-level grievance mechanisms in impact management, both as a resource to identify impacts as well as a means to address any grievances associated with the HRIA process itself, should be considered.