Development, as a word, encompasses a wide range of mean ings that stand for growth, transformation and change. For the ‘positive impression’ the word may furnish, development is an overwhelming process, quiet often uneven and unequal, making it rather a struggling experience for some. To make development inclusive, numerous conventions, societies, associations have been making continuous efforts so that the transition between pre- and post-development world remains a smooth process. To begin with, literary efforts have resulted in a much wider use and application of words such as ‘sustainable’ and ‘inclusive’ often used as a prefix to ‘development’. In most development projects, displacement and rehabilita tion walk hand in hand. While on the upside there is emphasis on improved quality of life, economic growth, etc., the challenge is to make it a least turbulent experience for stakeholders. This book focuses on infrastructural development, its impacts on people and progressive steps to mitigate those impacts. In the Indian context, the new land acquisition law also known as the Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition Rehabilitation and Resettlement (RFCTLARR) Act, passed in the Legislative Assembly in September 2013, was an attempt to make development transparent and a consultative process. It announced the inclusion of mandatory rehabilitation and resettlement package to all affected families, prior consent rule, provisions of mandatory social impact assessment for all projects involving land acquisition and ensured public participation